Polyols: Cov Khoom Siv Raw Ntau Lub Hom Phiaj rau Kev Siv Hauv Kev Lag Luam thiab Cov Neeg Siv Khoom
Cov Ntawv Thov Tseem Ceeb
Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, polyols yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hnyav molecular xws li polyesters, polyethers, thiab polyurethanes. Piv txwv li, ethylene glycol yog siv los tsim polyethylene terephthalate (PET), siv dav hauv cov fwj yas thiab cov fibers. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) yog siv los tsim ntau yam surfactants thiab lubricants. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyols tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua cov kuab tshuaj los yaj ntau yam organic compounds, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, polyols siv dav ua cov kuab tshuaj, cov khoom ua kom yas, thiab cov khoom ua kom noo. Piv txwv li, propylene glycol thiab glycerol feem ntau siv rau hauv kev npaj cov tshuaj txhaj, cov kua dej hauv qhov ncauj, thiab cov tshuaj pleev kom txhim kho kev yaj tshuaj thiab kev ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyols tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov tshuaj tswj kev tso tawm, tswj kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj.
Hauv kev lag luam zaub mov, polyols siv ua cov khoom qab zib, cov khoom ua kom noo noo, thiab cov khoom ua kom emulsifiers. Piv txwv li, glycerol thiab polyethylene glycol tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom qab zib, cov khoom ci, thiab dej haus, muab qhov qab zib thiab khaws cov dej noo. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyols tuaj yeem siv los kho qhov zoo nkauj thiab qhov ncauj ntawm cov zaub mov, ua kom nws lub txee ntev dua.
Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab kev kho mob tawv nqaij, polyols siv dav ua cov humectants thiab emulsifiers. Piv txwv li, propylene glycol thiab glycerol tuaj yeem nqus cov dej noo, ua rau daim tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau noo. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyols tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, tshuaj zawv plaub hau, thiab tshuaj pleev, muab cov nyhuv moisturizing thiab lubricating.
Hauv kev lag luam yas, polyols yog siv los ua cov plasticizers los txhim kho qhov yooj ywm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov yas. Piv txwv li, glycerol thiab polyethylene glycol tuaj yeem siv los ua cov plasticizers rau polyvinyl chloride (PVC), txhim kho nws qhov yooj ywm thiab ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyols tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov yas biodegradable, txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
Hauv kev lag luam pleev xim thiab kua mem, polyols siv ua cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov emulsifiers. Lawv tuaj yeem yaj ntau yam resins thiab pigments, muab cov khoom zoo rau kev tsim zaj duab xis. Piv txwv li, polyethylene glycol tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov txheej txheem thiab kua mem uas siv dej, muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb
| Lub Npe Khoom | Cov Polyester Polyols | |||||||||
| Qhov tsos | Tsis muaj xim rau daj daj viscous kua los yog khoom khov | |||||||||
| Qhov Hnyav Molecular | 500-5000 g/mol | |||||||||
| Kub Kub | >200 | |||||||||
| Kev dawb huv | 98%, 99.5% | |||||||||
| Qhov Ceev | 1.10-1.15 | |||||||||
| Tus lej HS | 3907910000 | |||||||||
| Daim Ntawv Thov | Cov txheej polyurethane, cov kua mem; cov hauv qab khau, cov foob, cov log tsheb | |||||||||
Daim Ntawv Tswj Xyuas Zoo
| Lub Npe Khoom | Cov Polyester Polyols | ||||||
| YAM KHOOM | Tus Qauv | Qhov tshwm sim | |||||
| Chroma (APHA) | ≤30 | 11 | |||||
| Viscosity ntawm 25 ℃ (mPas) | 1100-1500 | 1296 | |||||
| Cov ntsiab lus dej (%) | ≤0.08 | 0.017 | |||||
| Tus nqi hydroxyl (mgKOH / g) | 32.5-35.5 | 34.2 | |||||
| Tus Nqi Acid (meKOH / s) | ≤0.08 | 0.029 | |||||
| Tus nqi pH | 5.0-7.5 | 6.7 | |||||
| K+(mg/kg) | ≤5 | 1.0 | |||||
| Xaus lus | Tsim nyog | ||||||
Hauv kev xaus lus
Hauv kev xaus lus, polyols, ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg organic, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam lag luam. Lawv tsis tsuas yog txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab qhov zoo xwb tab sis kuj txhawb nqa kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm thev naus laus zis tas mus li, cov kev cia siab ntawm daim ntawv thov rau polyols yuav dav dua.