Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC): Ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom, ua haujlwm tau zoo rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg kom ruaj khov
Cov Khoom Siv Physicochemical thiab Kev Nkag Siab Txog Molecular
Cov Kev Zoo ntawm Cov Qauv
Kev Lom Zem Tsawg: Nrog LD₅₀ (qhov ncauj, nas) ntawm 6400 mg / kg, DMC muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li cov neeg sawv cev methylation ib txwm muaj (piv txwv li, dimethyl sulfate, LD₅₀ = 140 mg / kg), ua raws li EU REACH txoj cai ntawm cov pa phem organic tsis ruaj khov.
Kev ua xua:
Methylation: Pawg methoxy (−OCH3) ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev hloov pauv pawg methyl, hloov cov tshuaj lom.
Carbonylation: Pawg carbonyl (−CO−) pab txhawb kev sib pauv ester thiab aminolysis, txhawb nqa kev tsim cov polycarbonates uas tsis muaj phosgene.
Kev yaj: Nrog lub dielectric tas mus li ntawm 3.1, DMC sib tov zoo nrog cov cawv, ketones, thiab esters, thaum ua ib feem soluble hauv dej (1.6 g / 100 mL ntawm 20 ° C).
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tseem Ceeb
DMC lub kub npau ntawm 90.5 ° C ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub nruab nrab thiab rov qab tau cov kuab tshuaj, xav tau 30% tsawg dua lub zog dua li cov txheej txheem benzene. Nws qhov viscosity qis (0.664 mPa ・ s) ua rau muaj kev ntws zoo hauv cov ntawv thov xws li lithium roj teeb electrolytes, thaum lub zog vaporization ntawm 363 kJ / kg ua kom muaj qhov nruab nrab ziab rau cov txheej txheem thiab cov nplaum. Lus Cim: Nws qhov ntau ntawm kev tawg (3.1–20.5% vol) xav tau 防爆 (kev tawg-pov thawj) cov tshuab cua.
Kev Siv Lag Luam Ntau Yam
Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab ntawm Kev Tsim Khoom Ntsuab
Polycarbonate (PC) Kev Tsim Khoom:
Cov Txheej Txheem Tsis Muaj Phosgene: DMC reacts nrog bisphenol A (BPA) ntawm transesterification los tsim diphenyl carbonate (DPC), uas tom qab ntawd polymerized rau hauv PC. Txoj kev no ua rau atom efficiency nce mus txog 92% (vs. 65% rau cov kev phosgene ib txwm muaj) thiab tshem tawm cov khoom lom.
Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Cov Khoom: Cov PC resins muaj ≥90% lub teeb xa mus, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 135 ° C, thiab 10% muaj zog cuam tshuam ntau dua li PC uas muaj phosgene, siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov teeb taub hau tsheb.
Cov Tshuaj thiab Cov Tshuaj Agrochemicals:
Cov Tshuaj Methylation: Hloov dimethyl sulfate hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj cardiovascular (piv txwv li, nifedipine) thiab cov tshuaj antidepressants (piv txwv li, sertraline), txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm 15-20% nrog methanol ua cov khoom lag luam nkaus xwb.
Cov Ntawv Thov Carbonylation: Siv rau hauv kev tsim cov carbaryl (tshuaj tua kab) kom tsis txhob muaj HCl xeb, txo cov nqi los ntawm 25%.
Lub Zog Tshiab & Cov Khoom Siv
Cov roj teeb lithium electrolytes:
Sib xyaw nrog ethylene carbonate (EC) thiab ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), DMC tsim cov electrolytes sib npaug nrog ionic conductivity txog li 1.2 mS/cm. Qhov no ua rau lub roj teeb siv tau ntev txog 1,200 zaug (kev khaws cia muaj peev xwm ≥85%), ua tau raws li EU Battery Regulation (2023/0051) rau kev lom tsawg. Twb tau siv rau hauv Tesla's 4680 roj teeb tsim tawm.
Cov Khoom Siv Uas Yaj Tau:
Cov khoom siv DMC uas tau sib xyaw nrog propylene oxide los ua polypropylene carbonate (PPC), nqus tau 40% CO₂ thiab lwj hauv 6-12 lub hlis, daws cov khib nyiab yas hauv cov tais diav siv ib zaug xwb thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab ua liaj ua teb.
Cov Tshuaj Pleev Xim & Cov Nplaum
Cov Tshuaj Yaj Uas Zoo Rau Ib Puag Ncig: Hloov toluene/xylene hauv cov xim pleev OEM rau tsheb, ua tiav cov ntsiab lus VOC ≤50 g/L (qis dua GB 24409-2020 tus qauv). Lub sijhawm ziab raug txo kom txog 2 teev, nrog rau qhov tawv ntawm zaj duab xis ncav cuag 2H.
Cov Nplaum Uas Tsis Muaj Formaldehyde: Siv rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov rooj tog vaj huam sib luag, cov nplaum polyurethane DMC muaj cov formaldehyde dawb ≤0.01 mg / m³ (E0 qib), pab IKEA txo cov pa phem formaldehyde los ntawm 500+ tons txhua xyoo.
Cov Kev Zoo ntawm Ib Puag Ncig & Kev Sib Tw Txuj Ci
Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb Txog Kev Ruaj Ntseg
Kev Lag Luam Atomic: Cov khoom lag luam xws li methanol tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm kev distillation, txo cov COD load hauv cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm 70% piv rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj.
Kev Ntxeev Cov Pa roj Carbon: Cov tshuaj PC uas tsis yog phosgene txo cov pa roj carbon los ntawm 45%, thaum txhua tuj ntawm DMC tsim tawm siv 0.6 tons ntawm CO₂ los ntawm cov pa roj flue ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob, txhawb nqa CCU (kev ntxeev cov pa roj carbon thiab kev siv).
Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab
Txo Tus Nqi: Txoj kev tsim CO₂ ncaj qha (siv methanol, CO₂, thiab Pd-based catalysts) txiav cov nqi khoom siv raw li 30%, nrog rau Sinopec lub Hoobkas sim ua tiav kev tsim khoom kiloton-scale.
Cov Kev Dais Teeb Meem Ultra-Purity: Cov thev naus laus zis sib cais-adsorption ua tiav cov DMC qib hluav taws xob nrog cov hlau ions ≤1 ppb thiab kev huv si ≥99.999%, ua tau raws li SEMI C87 cov qauv rau kev ntxuav semiconductor.
Kev Thauj Mus Los Muaj Kev Nyab Xeeb: Microencapsulated DMC (txheej hauv SiO₂ nanoshells) tsa qhov kub hnyiab mus rau 60 ° C, tau ntawv pov thawj los ntawm TÜV Rheinland rau kev nyab xeeb thauj mus los.
Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb
| Lub Npe Khoom | Propionic Acid | |||||||||
| Cov Qauv Tshuaj | C3H6O2 | |||||||||
| Qhov Hnyav Molecular | 74.08 g/mol | |||||||||
| Qhov tsos | Cov kua tsis muaj xim pob tshab | |||||||||
| Qhov Kub Yaj | -20.8℃ | |||||||||
| Kub Kub | 141.1 ℃ | |||||||||
| Qhov Ceev | 0.993 g/cm³ | |||||||||
| CAS TSIS MUAJ | 79 - 09 - 4 | |||||||||
| Tus lej HS | 29155000 | |||||||||
| EINECS TSIS MUAJ | 201 - 176 - 3 | |||||||||
| Daim Ntawv Thov | Siv rau hauv plastics, pharma, khoom noj, cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab | |||||||||
Daim Ntawv Tswj Xyuas Zoo
| Lub Npe Khoom | Propionic Acid | ||||||
| YAM KHOOM | TUS NQI TXUJ CI (%) | TUS NQI XEEM (%) | |||||
| Cov Ntsiab Lus Propionic Acid, w/% ≥ | 99.5 | 99.9 | |||||
| Qhov Ceev (20/20 ℃) | 0.993-0.997 | 0.996 | |||||
| Kub Npaum Li Cas / ℃ | 138.5-142.5 | 139.4-141.1 | |||||
| Cov khoom seem uas ua rau qhuav, w /% ≤ | 0.01 | 0.006 | |||||
| Dej, w /% ≤ | 0.15 | 0.02 | |||||
| Aldehyde, w/% ≤ | ≤0.05 | 0.04 | |||||
| yooj yim oxidization, w /% ≤ | ≤0.05 | 0.01 | |||||
| Pb mg/kg≤ | 2.0 | ≤2.0 | |||||
| Raws li mg / kg ≤ | 3.0 | ≤3.0 | |||||
| Xaus lus | Ua raws li cov qauv ntawm GB 1886.210-2016 | ||||||
Vim li cas ho xaiv peb DMC?
Plaub Lub Zog Tseem Ceeb
Kev Ntsuas Kev Huv Si:
Peb cov txheej txheem transesterification tas mus li nrog triple distillation xa cov DMC qib kev lag luam (≥99.5%) thiab qib hluav taws xob (≥99.99%), nrog methanol ≤100 ppm. Cov ntaub ntawv: Ib tus neeg siv roj teeb siv peb lub DMC tau ua tiav 98.7% thawj zaug them-tawm efficiency (kev lag luam nruab nrab 95%).
Kev Muaj Peev Xwm Kho Kom Haum:
Cov kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb rau cov nqi acid (≤0.001 mgKOH/g), dej noo (≤50 ppm), thiab peroxides (≤5 ppm). Piv txwv li, peb tau tsim cov DMC uas tsis muaj acid ntau (0.0005 mgKOH/g) rau kev tsim tshuaj uas rhiab rau acid.
Qauv Kev Lag Luam Ib Ncigs:
Cov khoom methanol raug rov ua dua tshiab rau hauv syngas (CO+H₂) rau kev tsim DMC, ua tiav 95% kev siv khoom zoo thiab txo cov pa CO₂ los ntawm 3 tons ib tuj ntawm DMC. Cov ntim khoom pov tseg raug ntxuav los ntawm supercritical CO₂ rau 95% rov siv dua.
Kev Ua Raws Cai Thoob Ntiaj Teb:
Ua raws li GB/T 1628-2020, ASTM D7056, thiab JIS K 1551. Cov ntawv lo GHS thiab MSDS uas tau kho kom haum raws li cov kev cai hauv cheeb tsam (piv txwv li, Is Nrias teb BIS, Brazil INMETRO), ua rau muaj kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai hauv 72 teev.
Kev Tsim Kho Chemistry Uas Muaj Kev Ruaj Ntseg
Dimethyl Carbonate tab tom hloov kho cov lag luam los ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv "tsis muaj tshuaj lom, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab rov ua dua tshiab". Peb cog lus rau cov txheej txheem tshiab thiab cov kev daws teeb meem qis carbon, muab kev txhawb nqa txij thaum pib mus txog thaum kawg. Kev xaiv peb lub DMC txhais tau tias koom tes nrog kev ruaj khov - qhov twg txhua qhov poob tsav kev txo qis kev ua qias tuaj, kev siv hluav taws xob zoo, thiab kev nce qib thev naus laus zis, ua ke tsim kom muaj yav tom ntej tshuaj ntsuab dua.