Thoob Ntiaj Teb - Premier Propylene Glycol: Cov Tshuaj Organic Uas Muaj Ntau Yam

Cov Khoom Siv Lub Cev thiab Tshuaj

Qhov tsos thiab ntxhiab tsw: Propylene glycol zoo li kua tsis muaj xim, pob tshab, thiab nplaum. Nws muaj qhov saj qab zib me ntsis thiab yuav luag tsis muaj ntxhiab, ua rau nws haum rau kev siv uas xav tau qhov tsis muaj kev hnov ​​​​​​lus zoo.

Kev yaj tau: Nws muaj peev xwm sib xyaw ua ke nrog dej, ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, thiab ntau lwm yam organic solvents. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws ua haujlwm ua cov tshuaj yaj thiab emulsifier zoo hauv ntau hom tshuaj.

Cov Qauv Tseem Ceeb ntawm Lub Cev: Nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm 76.09 g / mol, propylene glycol muaj qhov ceev ntawm kwv yees li 1.036 g / cm³ ntawm 25 ° C, uas yog me ntsis denser dua dej. Nws lub ntsiab lus yaj yog - 59 ° C, ua rau nws nyob twj ywm hauv lub xeev kua thoob plaws ntau qhov kub thiab txias. Lub ntsiab lus kub sawv ntawm 188.2 ° C nyob rau hauv tus qauv siab, qhia txog nws qhov ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub ib puag ncig ib txwm muaj. Lub ntsiab lus flash yog siab heev, nyob ib puag ncig 99 ° C (kaw - khob), txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib tsoo tsis raug.

Kev Ua Haujlwm Tshuaj: Ua ib qho diol, propylene glycol tuaj yeem koom nrog ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg uas feem ntau yog cov cawv. Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov esters thaum nws cuam tshuam nrog cov carboxylic acids, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim ntau yam khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov tshuaj dehydration hauv qab cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, ua rau muaj cov intramolecular cyclic ethers lossis intermolecular polymers.

Cov Cheeb Tsam Thov

Kev Lag Luam Khoom Noj thiab Dej Haus: Propylene glycol ua haujlwm ntau yam hauv qhov kev lag luam no. Nws ua haujlwm ua ib qho humectant, pab khaws cov dej noo hauv cov khoom noj xws li cov khoom ci, khoom qab zib, thiab cov khoom noj mis nyuj, yog li ua rau lawv lub txee ntev dua thiab tswj cov qauv. Ua ib qho solvent, nws yog siv los yaj cov saj, xim, thiab cov tshuaj preservatives, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev faib tawm sib npaug hauv cov khoom noj thiab dej haus. Piv txwv li, nws feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua tsw qab rau cov dej qab zib thiab ua ib qho nqa cov roj tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom noj. Nws kuj tau pom zoo ua ib qho khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv (E1520) hauv European Union, thiab feem ntau lees paub tias muaj kev nyab xeeb (GRAS) los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) thaum siv rau hauv cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb.

Kev Lag Luam Tshuaj: Hauv cov tshuaj, propylene glycol ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws yog siv dav ua cov tshuaj yaj rau cov tshuaj uas tsis yooj yim yaj hauv dej, ua rau lawv cov qauv ua cov tshuaj noj, tshuaj txhaj, thiab tshuaj pleev. Piv txwv li, hauv ntau cov tshuaj kua noj, propylene glycol pab yaj cov khoom xyaw tshuaj nquag, ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev noj tshuaj raug. Hauv cov tshuaj pleev xws li tshuaj pleev thiab tshuaj pleev, nws ua haujlwm ua cov dej noo thiab ua kom nkag mus tau zoo, txhim kho kev nqus tshuaj ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nws kuj muaj qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob fungal, pab txhawb kev khaws cia cov khoom lag luam tshuaj.

Tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab Kev Saib Xyuas Tus Kheej: Propylene glycol yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam khoom siv pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom siv tu tus kheej. Hauv cov khoom siv tu tawv nqaij xws li cov tshuaj pleev kom noo noo, cov tshuaj serum, thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav, nws ua haujlwm ua cov tshuaj humectant, rub cov dej noo los ntawm huab cua thiab khi nws rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, yog li ua kom daim tawv nqaij noo. Nws cov khoom ua kom yaj tau ua rau nws yaj ntau yam khoom xyaw thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab, ua kom lawv sib npaug hauv cov khoom. Nws kuj siv rau hauv cov khoom siv tu plaub hau xws li tshuaj zawv plaub hau thiab tshuaj pleev kom zoo dua qub thiab pab xa cov khoom xyaw zoo rau cov plaub hau. Hauv cov xim pleev rau tes, propylene glycol ua haujlwm ua cov yas, tiv thaiv cov xim pleev kom tsis txhob tawg thiab yooj yim tawg.

Cov Ntawv Thov Kev Lag Luam: Propylene glycol yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim ntau yam khoom siv hauv kev lag luam. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov polyester resins uas tsis tau saturated, uas siv dav hauv kev tsim cov fiberglass-reinforced plastics. Cov yas no pom cov ntawv thov hauv kev lag luam xws li tsheb, kev tsim kho, thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv dej hiav txwv, vim lawv lub zog siab - rau - qhov hnyav piv thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Hauv kev lag luam tsheb, propylene glycol - ua antifreeze thiab coolant formulations yog siv los tswj qhov kub ntawm lub cav, tiv thaiv overheating thiab khov. Nws kuj ua haujlwm ua cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov cab kuj hauv cov txheej, inks, thiab cov nplaum, txhim kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom siv.

Cov Txheej Txheem Npaj

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Epoxy Propane Hydrolysis: Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam uas siv ntau tshaj plaws. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, epoxy propane (propylene oxide) ua rau dej sib xyaw nrog dej thaum muaj cov tshuaj catalyst. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej. Hauv txoj kev dej ncaj qha - hydration, qhov kub siab (kwv yees li 150 - 200 ° C) thiab siab (0.98 - 2.94 MPa) siv, nrog rau qhov sib piv ntawm dej - rau - epoxy propane molar feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig 20. Txawm hais tias tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm epoxy propane rau propylene glycol tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 85%, qee cov khoom polypropylene glycol kuj tsim tawm. Lwm txoj hauv kev yog acid - catalyzed hydrolysis, qhov twg ntxiv me me ntawm cov tshuaj catalyst acid (xws li sulfuric acid). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ua tiav ntawm qhov kub qis dua (50 - 70 ° C), thiab cov khoom tsim tawm yuav tsum tau neutralized thiab purified los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li vacuum distillation kom tau txais cov propylene glycol purity siab.

Kev daws teeb meem ntawm Glycerol Catalytic Hydrogenlysis: Glycerol siv tau ua cov khoom siv raw los tsim propylene glycol. Hauv txoj kev no, glycerol thawj zaug dhau los ntawm protonation ntawm nws cov hydroxyl pawg, ua raws li intramolecular dehydration los tsim cov khoom nruab nrab xws li enols thiab keto - aldehyde tautomers. Cov khoom nruab nrab no tom qab ntawd dhau los ntawm hydrogenation nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug catalyst (xws li ib tug tooj liab - raws li catalyst), thaum kawg muab 1,2 - propylene glycol. Txoj kev no muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev siv cov khoom noj khoom haus rov ua dua tshiab (glycerol), uas tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov chaw xws li biodiesel tsim.

Cov Txheej Txheem Biotechnological: Qee cov kab mob me me, xws li qee cov kab mob me me thiab cov poov xab, tuaj yeem tsim los tsim cov propylene glycol los ntawm cov txheej txheem fermentation. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev hloov kho Escherichia coli lossis Klebsiella pneumoniae, lawv tuaj yeem ua kom hloov cov suab thaj (xws li glucose) lossis glycerol mus rau hauv propylene glycol. Txoj hauv kev biotechnological no zoo dua rau ib puag ncig piv rau cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg ib txwm muaj, vim nws ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis kub thiab tuaj yeem siv cov pa roj carbon rov ua dua tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv nyiaj - kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no tseem yog thaj chaw ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho.

Cov kev ceev faj

Kev Xav Txog Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Txawm hais tias propylene glycol feem ntau suav tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv hauv cov khoom noj, tshuaj, thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce hauv cov kev txwv uas tau pom zoo, kev raug tshuaj ntau dhau lossis kev noj ntau dhau tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv. Kev noj ntau dhau yuav ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li xeev siab, ntuav, thiab raws plab. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau metabolic acidosis, uas yog ib qho mob uas lub cev khaws cov kua qaub ntau dhau. Kev sib cuag nrog daim tawv nqaij nrog propylene glycol concentrated yuav ua rau khaus rau qee tus neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij rhiab heev. Yuav tsum zam kev raug tshuaj ntau dhau lossis rov ua dua. Thaum siv rau hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm, qhov cua kom zoo yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev nqus pa ntawm propylene glycol vapors, vim tias kev nqus pa ntau dhau yuav ua rau ua pa tsis xis nyob.

Kev Phom Sij Txog Hluav Taws thiab Kev Tawg: Propylene glycol yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas yooj yim hlawv, txawm hais tias nws muaj qhov kub hnyiab siab heev. Nws cov pa dej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw nrog huab cua nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej. Cov chaw khaws khoom thiab tuav yuav tsum khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov nplaim taws qhib, cov hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov thawv cia khoom uas tiv taus hluav taws thiab cov khoom siv tua hluav taws tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas propylene glycol khaws cia lossis siv.
Kev Cuam Tshuam Rau Ib Puag Ncig: Txawm hais tias propylene glycol yog biodegradable, kev tso tawm loj rau hauv ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau hauv cov dej, tseem tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam. Hauv cov kab ke hauv dej, nws tuaj yeem siv cov pa oxygen thaum nws lwj, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov tsiaj hauv dej. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj kev tswj hwm cov khib nyiab thiab kev tswj hwm kom zoo kom tiv thaiv kev tso tawm tsis raug ntawm propylene glycol rau hauv ib puag ncig.

Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb

Daim Ntawv Tswj Xyuas Zoo